What is a Harmonic Minor Scale?

A harmonic minor scale is a type of minor scale that is created by raising the seventh note of the natural minor scale by one semitone. This change creates a stronger sense of tension and resolution toward the tonic, which is the root note of the scale. The pattern of intervals for a harmonic minor scale is: whole step, half step, whole step, whole step, half step, augmented second, half step.

For example, the A harmonic minor scale contains the notes A, B, C, D, E, F, G♯, and then returns to A. Compared to the A natural minor scale, the seventh note (G) is raised to G♯. This raised seventh note acts as a leading tone that strongly resolves back to the root note A.

The harmonic minor scale is widely used in classical music and many other musical traditions because it allows for stronger harmonic movement in minor keys. It is commonly used when building dominant chords in minor key progressions. The scale is also found in genres such as metal, jazz, and film music, where its distinctive sound adds drama and intensity to melodies and harmonies.