What is an Indian Setar?

A setar (often spelled setār) is a traditional long-necked string instrument used in Persian classical music, though its name comes from a Persian word meaning “three strings.” Despite the name, the modern instrument typically has four metal strings and is closely related to other Middle Eastern lutes.

The setar has a small, rounded wooden body and a long neck with movable frets that allow musicians to produce the subtle microtones required in Persian music. It is played by plucking the strings with the nail of the index finger rather than a pick. This technique produces a delicate, intimate sound that is softer and more subtle than many other string instruments.

The instrument plays an important role in Persian classical traditions, especially in solo performances and small ensembles. Setar players often perform intricate melodic improvisations within the traditional modal system known as dastgah. Because of its expressive tone and refined playing technique, the setar is highly respected in Persian musical culture.